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Instructions of NURS-6050N-27 4-1 Discussion Evidence Base in Design
EVIDENCE BASE IN DESIGN
When politics and medical science intersect, there can be much debate. Sometimes anecdotes or hearsay are misused as evidence to support a particular point. Despite these and other challenges, however, evidence-based approaches are increasingly used to inform health policy decision-making regarding causes of disease, intervention strategies, and issues impacting society. One example is the introduction of childhood vaccinations and the use of evidence-based arguments surrounding their safety.
In this Discussion, you will identify a recently proposed health policy and share your analysis of the evidence in support of this policy.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
To Prepare:
Review the Congress website provided in the Resources and identify one recent (within the past 5 years) proposed health policy.
Review the health policy you identified and reflect on the background and development of this health policy.
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 7
Post a description of the health policy you selected and a brief background for the problem or issue being addressed. Which social determinant most affects this policy? Explain whether you believe there is an evidence base to support the proposed policy and explain why. Be specific and provide examples.
BY DAY 6 OF WEEK 7
Respond to at least two of your colleagues* on two different days by either supporting or respectfully challenging their explanation on whether there is an evidence base to support the proposed health policy they described.
Step-By-Step Guide NURS-6050N-27 4-1 Discussion Evidence Base in Design
INTRODUCTION TO NURS-6050N-27 4-1 DISCUSSION
This NURS-6050N-27 4-1 Discussion Evidence Base In Design assignment involves writing a discussion post that prepares you for a staff development meeting on the intersection of politics and medical science, specifically focusing on evidence-based health policy. You will select a recent health policy, analyse the evidence supporting it, and discuss the social determinants affecting the policy. This Owlisdom exercise will enhance your understanding of how evidence-based approaches inform health policy decision-making.
Post a description of the health policy you selected and a brief background for the problem or issue being addressed.
SELECTING AND DESCRIBING RECENT HEALTH POLICY
- Visit the Congress website or another reliable source to identify a recent health policy (within the past five years).
- Choose a policy that interests you and is relevant to current healthcare issues.
- Summarise the health policy, including its objectives and the issue it addresses.
- Provide background information on the problem or issue being addressed by the policy.
Example
The health policy I selected is the “Improving Mental Health Access from the Emergency Department Act of 2021,” proposed in the United States Congress. The policy seeks to establish grants that would enable emergency departments (EDs) to develop and implement programs to improve patient access to follow-up mental health care (Holland et al., 2021). The initiative addresses the critical issue of emergency departments being frequently used as the first point of care for individuals experiencing acute mental health crises. Despite the urgent nature of these visits, EDs are often ill-equipped to provide comprehensive mental health care and lack the resources to ensure appropriate follow-up treatment, leading to a cycle of crisis and inadequate care.
Which social determinant most affects this policy?
IDENTIFYING THE SOCIAL DETERMINANT
- Identify and describe the social determinant that most significantly impacts the health policy.
- Explain how this social determinant relates to the policy and its objectives.
Example
A primary social determinant affecting this policy is healthcare access, specifically the availability of mental health services. Individuals often rely on emergency departments for mental health emergencies because they lack access to regular outpatient mental health care, which is less intensive and more cost-effective. Factors contributing to this include a shortage of mental health professionals, lack of insurance coverage, and the stigma associated with seeking mental health care.
Explain whether you believe there is an evidence base to support the proposed policy and explain why. Be specific and provide examples.
ANALYSING THE EVIDENCE BASE
- Assess the supporting the proposed policy.
- Provide specific examples from research studies or reports that justify the policy.
Example
The evidence base for this policy is strong, drawing on numerous studies that illustrate the challenges and inefficiencies within the current model of mental health care provided in emergency settings. Research indicates that proper follow-up care after an initial mental health crisis can significantly reduce the probability of future crises and improve overall patient outcomes (Anderson et al., 2022). For example, a study by the American Psychiatric Association notes that patients receiving timely follow-up treatment after an ED visit for a psychiatric issue are less likely to require rehospitalisation. Furthermore, programs that integrate mental health care with emergency services have shown success; for instance, the implementation of specialised psychiatric emergency programs has demonstrated improved patient outcomes and reduced ED congestion. Thus, there is compelling evidence supporting the need for initiatives like those proposed in the “Improving Mental Health Access from the Emergency Department Act,” highlighting how targeted investments can enhance access to mental health services and potentially transform care delivery for individuals experiencing mental health crises.
REFERENCES
Anderson, K., Goldsmith, L. P., Lomani, J., Ali, Z., Clarke, G., Crowe, C., Jarman, H., Johnson, S., McDaid, D., & Pariza, P. (2022). Short-stay crisis units for mental health patients on crisis care pathways: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open, 8(4), e144.
Holland, K. M., Jones, C., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Idaikkadar, N., Zwald, M., Hoots, B., Yard, E., D’Inverno, A., Swedo, E., & Chen, M. S. (2021). Trends in US emergency department visits for mental health, overdose, and violence outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(4), 372–379.
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days by either supporting or respectfully challenging their explanation on whether there is an evidence base to support the proposed health policy they described
RESPONSES.
- Provide thoughtful responses to at least two colleagues’ posts.
- Support or challenge their explanations with evidence and examples.
- Ensure responses are respectful and contribute to the discussion.
Example
Hello Ross,
I find your analysis of the ‘Obesity Reduction and Management Act of 2021 thought-provoking. It is important to consider whether the evidence aligns with the policy’s assumptions. Research suggests that while removing financial barriers can increase gym attendance, the link to long-term obesity reduction is not as clear. For example, a study in the ‘Journal of Health Economics’ indicates that while subsidised gym memberships increase initial usage, most individuals do not maintain long-term attendance without additional motivational factors. While the policy is well-intentioned, its effectiveness could be enhanced by integrating behavioural and educational components, such as motivational interviewing and lifestyle education, to support sustained lifestyle changes beyond initial financial incentives.
Hi Tonya,
I support your positive assessment of the ‘Clean Air for Schools Act.’ There is substantial evidence indicating that improving indoor air quality can significantly impact respiratory health, particularly for asthma sufferers. For instance, a study from the ‘Environmental Health Perspectives journal found that enhancements in school ventilation systems led to a marked reduction in asthma-related incidents and school absences. It aligns well with the policy’s goals. It suggests that such interventions are not only beneficial for student health but also potentially improve academic performance by minimising disruptions caused by health issues. It is encouraging to see policies proposed with a strong backing of relevant and specific evidence, emphasising their potential effectiveness and importance.
CLOSING
By following NURS-6050N-27 4-1 Discussion Evidence Base in Design of these guidelines, you will effectively analyse and discuss evidence-based health policies, demonstrating a thorough understanding of how scientific research informs policy-making. This approach ensures that healthcare interventions are grounded in reliable evidence, ultimately improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency. In the next module of Nurs-6050N-27, we will explore the 4-2 DISCUSSION.
