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Instructions of NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis
Week 8 Assignments – Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disorders – Part 2
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1) Case Study Analysis – Due Sunday, January 22nd.
Use the following information to formulate your analysis
A 74-year-old male with a history of hypertension and smoking, is having dinner with his wife when he develops sudden onset of difficulty speaking, with drooling from the left side of his mouth, and weakness in his left hand.
His wife asks him if he is all right and the patient denies any difficulty. His symptoms progress over the next 10 minutes until he cannot lift his arm and has trouble standing.
The patient continues to deny any problems. The wife sits the man in a chair and calls 911. The EMS squad arrives within 5 minutes.
Upon arrival in the ED, patient’s blood pressure was 178/94, pulse 78 and regular, PaO2 97% on room air.
Neuro exam
Cranial nerves- Mild left facial droop.
Motor- Right arm and leg extremity with 5/5 strength. Left arm cannot resist gravity, left leg with mild drift.
Sensation intact.
Neglect- Mild neglect to left side of body.
Language- Expressive and receptive language intact.
Mild to moderate dysarthria. Able to protect airway.
Explain how this information relates to the case:
Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
How these processes interact to affect the patient.
Answer the questions using APA format – title page, introduction, body of the paper, summary, and a Reference page.
Include two scholarly references.
Use APA format. See the attached template for Walden MSN students. Submit your answers in 1-2 pages (not including the Reference page).
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CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
An understanding of the neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critically important component of disease and disorder diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the impact that that these two systems can have on each other. A variety of factors and circumstances affecting the emergence and severity of issues in one system can also have a role in the performance of the other.
Effective analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their mutual impact. For example, patient characteristics such as, racial and ethnic variables can play a role.
An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in neurological and musculoskeletal systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.
In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
To prepare:
By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.
The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)
In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:
Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
How these processes interact to affect the patient.
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 8
Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 8.
Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templatesLinks to an external site.). All papers submitted must use this formatting.
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD5Assgn_LastName_Firstinitial
Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review
Step-By-Step Guide on NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis
Introduction To NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis
This Owlisdom assignment of NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis involves analysing a case study to understand the underlying pathophysiologic processes, considering racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning, and examining how these processes interact to affect the patient. This NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis guide will provide you with a structured approach to completing the case study analysis effectively.
Introduction
- Provide a brief overview of the patient’s case and outline the main goals of the case study analysis.
- Introduce the patient’s symptoms, relevant medical history, and the purpose of the analysis. It clearly states that the analysis will explore the underlying causes of the symptoms, genetic predispositions, and the role of immunosuppression.
Example
Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted through tick bites, typically presents with symptoms that can affect multiple body systems, including the musculoskeletal system. The case study of a 48-year-old male patient who developed symptoms of low-grade fever, fatigue, headache, and arthritic pain in his knees provides a clear example of how Lyme disease can manifest months after the initial tick bite, emphasising the complexity of diagnosing and treating tick-borne diseases.
Explain the musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.
Musculoskeletal Pathophysiologic Processes
This section of NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis will discuss Musculoskeletal Pathophysiologic Processes.
- Explain the pathophysiology of Lyme disease, focusing on how it affects the musculoskeletal system.
- Discuss how the Borrelia burgdorferi bacterium causes inflammation and pain in joints.
Example
The pathophysiology behind the musculoskeletal symptoms observed in Lyme disease begins with the migration of Borrelia burgdorferi to various body parts after the tick bite—the bacteria’s ability to evade the immune system and disseminate leads to a systemic inflammatory response. Specifically, the bacteria can invade the synovial fluid of joints, causing Lyme arthritis, a late-stage manifestation of the disease (Marif & Ali, 2023). The condition is characterised by marked inflammation, leading to pain and swelling in the joints and huge joints like the knees in this patient’s case (Udziela et al., 2022). The immune response to the infection, including the production of inflammatory cytokines, contributes to tissue damage and pain, exacerbated during periods of immune system activity.
Explain any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.
Racial/Ethnic Variables Impacting Physiological Functioning
This section of NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis will discuss Racial/Ethnic Variables Impacting Physiological Functioning.
- Discuss how geographical and behavioural factors might affect exposure to Lyme disease.
- Consider genetic predispositions and access to healthcare in different racial and ethnic groups.
Example
While Lyme disease can affect individuals of any racial or ethnic background, geographical and behavioural factors might influence exposure rates and, subsequently, diagnosis rates among different populations. For instance, populations in endemic areas such as the Northeastern United States are at higher risk (Marques et al., 2021). However, racial and ethnic variables may also impact the clinical management and patient outcomes of Lyme disease. Variations in genetic predisposition to immune responses, access to healthcare, and cultural practices related to outdoor activities can influence both the likelihood of contracting Lyme disease and the progression of the disease.
How these processes interact to affect the patient
Interaction Of Pathophysiologic Processes
This section of NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis will discuss the Interaction Of Pathophysiologic Processes.
- Describe how the immune response to Borrelia burgdorferi affects various body systems.
- Discuss the systemic impact of ongoing inflammation and the importance of timely treatment.
Example
In this patient, the interaction between the immune system and the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria leads to various symptoms affecting his overall health. The bacteria-induced inflammation in the joints results in arthritis, compounded by systemic symptoms of fever and fatigue due to the immune system’s ongoing battle against the infection (Fymat, 2023). Over time, if untreated, Lyme disease can cause chronic joint inflammation, leading to significant pain and debility, which can severely impact the patient’s quality of life and ability to perform daily activities.
The Lyme disease diagnosis in this patient was confirmed through positive antibody testing for B. burgdorferi, which is crucial as it guides the treatment approach. Treatment typically includes the administration of antibiotics such as doxycycline, which is effective in eliminating the infection and resolving symptoms, especially when started early in the course of the disease (Schoen, 2020). For this patient, prompt antibiotic treatment is expected to reduce the severity of symptoms and prevent the progression to more chronic, debilitating stages of the disease.
Conclusion
In this section of NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis, we will discuss the Conclusion.
- Recap the main points covered in the analysis.
- Highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment and the consideration of racial and ethnic factors in managing Lyme disease.
Example
In conclusion, this case highlights the importance of recognising the varied and potentially delayed symptoms of Lyme disease, particularly musculoskeletal manifestations such as Lyme arthritis. Healthcare providers must consider Lyme disease in patients presenting with unexplained arthritic symptoms, particularly in regions where Lyme disease is prevalent or in patients with a history of tick exposure. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to preventing severe complications and ensuring favourable outcomes. The case also underscores the necessity for awareness of factors that can affect the prevalence and treatment outcomes of Lyme disease across different populations, ensuring equitable healthcare access and management strategies tailored to the needs of diverse communities.
Closing
By following these guidelines NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis, you can effectively complete the case study analysis, demonstrating a thorough understanding of the musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes in Lyme disease. This NURS 650 8-1 Case Study Analysis exercise emphasises the importance of recognising varied symptoms, considering racial and ethnic factors, and ensuring early diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe complications and favourable outcomes. In the next module of NURS 650, we will explore the 9-1 Concept Map Template.
References
Fymat, A. L. (2023). Lyme disease Neurological Implications: IV. Symptoms Management, Treatment, and Human Vaccine Development. https://researchnovelty.com/management_research/article_pdf/1699452227Finalized%20Article__CS201023_IV.pdf
Marif, H. F., & Ali, K. N. (2023). Lyme disease and relapsing fever. One Health Triad, Unique Scientific Publishers, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 3, 128–135.
Marques, A. R., Strle, F., & Wormser, G. P. (2021). Comparison of Lyme disease in the United States and Europe. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 27(8), 2017.
Schoen, R. T. (2020). Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lyme Disease. Current Rheumatology Reports, 22(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-019-0857-2
Udziela, S., Biesiada, G., Osiewicz, M., Michalak, M., Stażyk, K., Garlicki, A., & Czepiel, J. (2022). Musculoskeletal manifestations of Lyme borreliosis–a review. Archives of Medical Science: AMS, 18(3), 726.
